1. Uniformity:

Uniform light distribution refers to the ability of LED street lights to provide similar light levels within a lighting area. This is crucial to ensure there are no areas of extreme light or darkness on the road surface, as these extremes could prevent drivers or pedestrians from clearly seeing the road or obstacles, thereby increasing the risk of an accident. For example, if the light distribution of LED street lights is uneven, the central area of the intersection may be too bright, while the roadside area may be dark, which may make it difficult for pedestrians to see driving vehicles on the roadside.

2. Illuminance:

Light intensity refers to the intensity of light received on the road surface, usually expressed in lux. Proper light intensity ensures that drivers can clearly see roads, traffic signs and pedestrians when driving at night. For example, highways often require higher light intensities to ensure that drivers can quickly detect distant obstacles. Residential areas, on the other hand, may require lower light intensities to reduce energy consumption and reduce light pollution.

3. Color temperature and color reproduction index:

Color temperature refers to the color temperature of light, usually expressed in Kelvin (K). For example, a higher color temperature (such as 5000K) produces cool white light, while a lower color temperature (such as 2700K) produces warm light. Different color temperatures will affect people's perception of light, so it is very important to choose the appropriate color temperature in road lighting. For example, some studies suggest that warmer color temperature light can improve driver comfort, while cooler color temperature light may be more suitable for areas such as highways that require higher light intensities.

The Color Reproduction Index (CRI) is a scale that measures the ability of a light source to reproduce colors. A higher CRI means that the light source can restore the true color of the object, which is especially important in road lighting. For example, in urban environments, the high CRI value of LED street lights can help pedestrians and drivers more easily identify the colors of vehicles, traffic signs, and other landmarks, thereby improving road safety.

4. Directional light:

LED street lights usually have a directional light distribution, which means that the light is mainly projected downwards onto the road surface rather than diverging around. This helps reduce light scattering into the surrounding environment, reducing the risk of light pollution. For example, some cities have chosen a design that combines LED street lights with reflectors to limit light scattering and ensure that the light mainly hits the road, reducing interference with the night sky.

5. Light dispersion and reflection:

The light distribution of LED street lights also affects the dispersion and reflection of light on the road surface. If light is dispersed too much, it can cause blinding or harsh reflections, which can affect the vision of drivers and pedestrians. On the other hand, if the light distribution is insufficient, it may result in shadowed areas on the road surface, making some objects difficult to detect. Therefore, designing the light distribution of LED street lights needs to ensure proper dispersion and reflection to improve visibility and comfort on the road at night.

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